Indian Institute of Astrophysics delves into sunspots' magnetic field to understand coronal heating & solar wind. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory's crucial role highlighted.

The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) is embarking on a fascinating research journey to delve deeper into the enigmatic nature of the Sun’s magnetic field. This study is primarily centered around sunspots and aims to provide valuable insights into the perplexing phenomenon known as the corona heating problem.

Unraveling the Corona Heating Puzzle

The Sun’s atmosphere consists of multiple layers intertwined by complex magnetic fields. These magnetic fields play a crucial role in transferring energy and mass from the inner layers to the outer ones. Additionally, the magnetic field acts as the driving force behind the solar wind. By investigating the magnetic field of sunspots, scientists at the IIA hope to gain a clearer understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the solar wind and coronal heating.

Kodaikanal Solar Observatory: A Hub of Solar Research

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO), operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, has a rich history of solar research, dating back to the discovery of the Evershed Effect in 1909. Situated in Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, the observatory boasts a state-of-the-art Tunnel Telescope equipped with a 3-mirror setup. The primary mirror of this setup diligently tracks the Sun, enabling scientists to collect invaluable data.

Spectral Line Analysis: A Key to Understanding Solar Magnetism

Researchers are harnessing the power of spectral line analysis to infer the magnetic field at different heights within the solar atmosphere. Simultaneous observations are being made, focusing on spectral lines like Hydrogen-alpha (Hα) and Calcium II 8662 Å. A noteworthy finding is that the Hα line exhibits less sensitivity to local temperature fluctuations, making it an ideal tool for probing the chromospheric magnetic field even during events characterized by sudden temperature changes, such as flaring active regions.

Paving the Way for Future Discoveries

This comprehensive study conducted by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics is poised to significantly enhance our understanding of the Sun’s magnetic field. The insights gleaned from this research are expected to lay a strong foundation for future studies and observations aimed at further unraveling the complexities of solar magnetic phenomena.

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Mahak Aggarwal

With a BA in Mass Communication from Symbiosis, Pune, and 5 years of experience, Mahak brings compelling tech stories to life. Her engaging style has won her the 'Rising Star in Tech Journalism' award at a recent media conclave. Her in-depth research and engaging writing style make her pieces both informative and captivating, providing readers with valuable insights.